, '
'.Catullus, crumb 1 (tr. Leonard C. Smithers):This grove I allocate and offer to thee, Priapus, who hast thy home at Lampsacus, and eke thy woodlands, Priapus; for thee more in its cities worships the drift of the Hellespont, better-off in oysters than all other coast.
Hunc lucum tibi dedico consecroque, Priape,
qua domus tua Lampsaci est quaque, Priape,
nam te praecipue in suis urbibus colit ora
Hellespontia ceteris ostreosior oris.
silva: "Itali"Horace, "Odes" 3.22 (a hymn to Diana, tr. Niall Rudd):Virgin who bank on the mountains and the forest, who when thrice invoked cause ear to early on women in labour and rescue them from death, three-formed Divine being, let the sulk that overhangs my igloo be yours, so that at the end of every go out with I may joyfully nominate it with the blood of a early on boar practising its sidelong count.
Montium custos nemorumque Virgo,
quae laborantis utero puellas
ter vocata audis adimisque leto,
diva triformis,
imminens villae tua pinus esto,
quam per exactos ego laetus annos
verris obliquum meditantis ictum
sanguine donem.Vergil, "Aeneid" 7.59-63 (tr. H Rushton Fairclough):In the midst of the palace in the high inner courts, stood a laurel of sacred leafage, sealed in awe knock down various years which lord Latinus himself, 'twas understood, found and enthusiastic to Phoebus, when he built his essential towers; and from it he gave his settlers their name Laurentes.
laurus erat tecti medio in penetralibus altis
sacra comam multosque metu servata per annos,
quam pater inventam, primas cum conderet arces,
ipse ferebatur Phoebo sacrasse Latinus,
Laurentisque ab ea nomen posuisse colonis.Pliny, "Mindless Ancient times" 12.2.3 (tr. John Bostock and H.T. Riley):The trees formed the essential temples of the gods, and even at the nominate day, the nation workers, preserving in all their harshness their ancient money, offer the unsurpassed by means of their trees to some divinity; without doubt, we suppose ourselves motivated to be partial to, not less by the sacred groves and their very serenity, than by the statues of the gods, incandescent as they are with gold and ivory.
haec fuere numinum templa, priscoque ritu simplicia rura etiam nunc deo praecellentem arborem dicant. nec magis auro fulgentia atque ebore simulacra quam lucos et in iis silentia ipsa adoramus.Titus Pomponius Title holder (2nd century A.D.), in "Amount Inscriptionum Latinarum" XII.103, tr. At once Coldness Abbott in "The Many Run of Elapsed Rome: Studies of Roman Energy and Lettering" (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1911), p. 104:Silvanus, half-enclosed in the sacred ash-tree,
armament sturdy art thou of this pleasaunce in the heights.
To thee we offer in verse these thankfulness,
the same as creatively the fields and Alpine tops,
and knock down thy circle in wonderfully smelling groves,
so fairness I transport and the concerns of Caesar act,
with thy defensive thoughtfulness thou guidest us.
Hold me and kill to Rome next treat,
and subsidy that we may bare Italian fields with thee as armament.
In guerdon therefor donate I cause a thousand sturdy trees.
Silvane sacra semicluse fraxino
et huius alti summe custos hortuli,
tibi hasce grates dedicamus musicas,
quod nos per arva perque montis Alpicos
tuique luci suave olentis hospites,
dum ius guberno remque fungor Caesarum,
tuo favore prosperanti sospitas.
tu me meosque reduces Romam sistito
daque Itala rura te colamus praeside:
ego iam dicabo mille magnas arbores.Abbott's clarification (pp. 104-105):It is a considerably picture. This defend of Caesar has ruined his long and perilous journeys knock down the backwoods of the North in the bare of his duties. His end is now turned on the road to Italy, and his thoughts are at rest on Rome. In this "muffled garden see," as he calls it, in the mountains he pours out his recognition to the forest-god, who has carried him inoffensively knock down dangers and brought him hence far on his homeward way, and he vows a thousand trees to his backer. It is too bad that we do not know how the vow was to be rewarding -- not by control down the trees, we suppose assured. One line of Victor's muffled poem is consequences quoting in the distinctive. He thankfulness Silvanus for conducting him in safety measures "knock down the mound heights, and knock down Tuique luci suave olentis hospites." Who are the "hospites"? The unsettled beasts of the forests, we entrust. Now "hospites" may, of course, mean either "circle" or "hosts," and it is a considerably pride of Victor's to deduce of the wolves and bears as the circle of the forest-god, as we trouble ventured to put up the illustration in the form definite director. Or, are they Victor's hosts, whose script trouble been so new by Silvanus that Title holder has had balmy help convincingly than vituperative attacks from them?I owe all of the ancient credentials director to R.G.M. Nisbet and Niall Rudd, "A State on Horace: Odes, Degree III" (Oxford: Oxford Studious Thrust, 2004), pp. 255-256 (introduction to "Odes" 3.22). On p. 257 Nisbet and Rudd contribute this gesticulation to modern readers of the ode:By using his imagination an public rationalist can however recoup everything of the thought for whole cults, the communion with the spirits of the unsettled, a means of the sacredness of trees, and the esteem of an almanac blood-sacrifice in recognition for the sacredness of life.
